Why(發問時，答案重要，但向后讀的過程中不要忘了問的是什么，也就是說：問題也重要) do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question.(看來不是那么容易回答的，那下文就有內容可寫了)The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.(引出了論證方向，后面肯定要講它是怎么回事了。通過這個方式過渡到下面的陳述，但總主題依然是要回答開頭的問題。)
Sad to say,(有份量的用語)this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.(調研并沒有發現實質問題，所以，下面肯定會進一步深入)
But(要談實質了)the sources of distrust(不信任的根源)go way deeper(注意比較級的含義：不信任的根源遠不是上面那么膚淺，而是更深，到底怎么樣呢？作者要談自己的分析了). Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day’s events. In other words,(因為前面內容重要，怕你理解不了，或者沒有說透，所以才變著花樣再說一遍)there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.(先談了standard templates的弊端)
There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the ‘standard templates’ of the newsroom seem alien to many readers.(圍繞standard templates進一步展開)In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.(注意把握論證過程)
Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots(能推測出意思嗎？)in a community.(上一段提出問卷調查，本段展示結果)
Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.(這便是問卷調查的結論)
This(不可小看這個代詞，它承上啟下)is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly(重點詞)a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then (什么作用？)it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But(重要處)it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did,(虛擬語氣的作用)it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.(有總結論了) |
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